AG真人游戏

According to the latest iron and steel market report, steel sales volume in May reached more than 2.3 million tons, up about 13.6% month over month and on par with the same period in 2022. This is the best result from the beginning of the year so far, and the steel industry is expected to recover in the fourth quarter of 2023.Demand for steel market is still weakAfter a period of consecutive price increases, the world steel market tends to slow down and pause at 113.37 USD/ton, a slight increase of about 0.71%. Global steel demand has the potential to start recovering in 2023 after falling 3.2% in 2022. Accordingly, two regions, including East Asia and Southeast Asia, will contribute most of the growth in demand in 2023.In the first half of 2023, the iron ore market recorded many fluctuations when it sometimes reached 130 USD/ton, thanks to the recovery of China - the world's No. 1 steel market. However, iron ore prices then fell again due to slower global economic growth.The iron and steel market slowed down because the Chinese government's economic recovery stimulus policies were not strong enough. Especially in the real estate sector, which consumes a lot of iron and steel and is the driving force for the economic development of this country.Similarly, the North American market, the region that consumes about 7.5% of global steel production, is also facing high-interest rate pressure, bringing the risk of recession. In the European market, which currently accounts for more than 8% of steel consumption, after raising interest rates in June 2023, steel demand in this region is expected to decrease by about 1% in 2023 before recovering by about 5.4% by 2024.The steel market rises up against difficulties and challengesIn 2022, Vietnam will be the 13th largest steel exporter in the world, accounting for 3.4% of the global market share, and it will also be the 12th largest steel importer in the world, accounting for 5.5% of the world's total. This contributes to affirming the position of Vietnam's steel industry in the world steel market. The low iron and steel prices will benefit the imports of Vietnamese enterprises. In the first 5 months of the year, the whole country imported about 4.6 million tons of iron and steel, down about 12.4% in volume and nearly 30% in turnover due to the much lower iron and steel prices. In contrast, Vietnam exported nearly 4.3 million tons of iron and steel, up 10% over the same period last year.The domestic steel market weakened, forcing factories to reduce prices to increase competitiveness and boost consumption. In the first 5 months of the year, nationwide steel production reached more than 11 million tons, down 22% compared to last year. Steel products sold reached 10.4 million tons, down 19.3%; exports reached more than 3.1 million tons, up 2.6%.With the above signs, it can be seen that the steel market is moving in a positive direction. Difficulties will ease at the end of the year, especially in the fourth quarter of 2023, because this is the period of high demand when the works are accelerated. Besides, public investment will continue to support domestic steel demand.

The European Union (EU) has issued Regulation (EU) 2023/1301, amending Regulation (EU) 2019/159 on the application of safeguard measures to some imported steel products. The European Commission does not extend the safeguard duty for an additional year unless the EU鈥檚 steel producers can demonstrate injury from imported goods.1. EU: extension of safeguard measures against imported steel in the form of TRQOn June 2, 2023, the Committee on Safeguards of the World Trade Organization (WTO) announced that the European Union (EU) continued to extend its safeguard measure against imported steel under the form of tariff rate quota (TRQ) for some imported steel products for an additional year. The decision has been valid from July 1, 2023, to June 30, 2024.The reason for the extension is that the domestic steel industry of Europe can suffer significantly from the dumping and export of cheap steel by foreigners. The EC continues to maintain its defense by allocating quotas that are mixed between the way of allocating separate quotas for each country and general quota allocations to the remaining countries. The out-of-quota tariff is 25%. The amount of non-taxable quotas continued to increase by 4% compared to the period from July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023.Vietnam is subject to a standard quota on a quarterly basis for 8 product groups, including:Group 1: hot rolled steel plateGroup 3B: electrical engineering steel plateGroups 4A, 4B: galvanized steel plateGroup 5: organic coated steel sheetGroup 9: stainless cold rolled steel plateGroup 25B: large steel pipesGroup 26: other steel pipesFor other groups of steel products, Vietnam is exempted from safeguard measures according to the criterion set for a developing country whose import turnover is less than 3%. In case the market share of importing another group of steel products from Vietnam into the EU exceeds 3%, this group will be included in the list of applying TRQ during the annual administrative reviews.2. EU: amending the application of safeguard measures to some imported steelsAfter listening to the recommendations from the relevant countries during the period from 5/6/2023 to 13/6/2023 along with the assessment of whether to terminate the safeguard measure early before June 2023 based on the general import export data in 2022, the EU has issued a new revised regulation effective from 1/7/2023.Under the revised rules, all tariff rate quotas (TRQs) of the safeguard measure will continue to increase by 4% from 1 July 2023. Any member of the WTO that is a developing country is exempted from safeguard duty in case that country's exports to the EU are less than 3% of its total imports for each product category. Vietnam is further applied to category 26 and removed category 3A compared to the old scope.If the aggregate share of imports from developing countries (with individual shares below 3%) exceeds 9% in a specific category, they will be subject to the same measure in that product category.According to the above Regulation, the countries benefiting from the quota expansion by country include Vietnam, Turkey, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Moldova, North Macedonia, Oman, and South Fly.3. Vietnamese steel exports to the EU marketAccording to the latest report on Vietnam's steel market situation of the Vietnam Steel Association (VSA), the total production of the hot rolled coil in 2022 reached 6.04 million tons. Which, exports reached 1.3 million tons, up 0.9% over the same period in 2021.Galvanized sheet production in 2022 reached 4.56 million tons, down 23.4% over the same period in 2021, of which exports reached 2.086 million tons, down 38.1% over the same period in 2021. Steel pipe is one of the leading export products. According to VSA's record, the production output in 2022 reached more than 2.065 million tons, of which the export volume reached 258,873 tons, up 9.1% over the same period in 2021.With increasingly improved production capacity, and strong investment in technology lines, Vietnamese steel is capable of meeting international standards and customer requirements. The advantages of membership in the WTO and the signing of the EVFTA Agreements help Vietnam open up many opportunities to export steel to international markets in general and Europe in particular.Amendments in Regulation (EU) 2019/159 of the European Union positively impact Vietnam's steel industry. As a result, customers can import cheap, high-quality steel and enjoy many tax incentives. 

The tool steel market indicates its importance when it is present in almost all manufacturing sectors such as automotive, aviation, and other energy fields. According to the latest data reports, the tool steel market size will reach a 6% annual growth rate until 2032 due to the rise of industrial production demand in many countries around the world.Demand consumption of the steel tool market in recent yearsAccording to some data reports, the demand for tool steel has risen in recent years, specifically the line of high-speed steel (HSS) - a form of tool steel that can cut materials faster than other carbon steel. HSS's outstanding toughness and hardness properties make them ideal in metal cutting and drilling applications.The primary consumption market for tool steel is divided into specific sectors, the highest consumption sectors including automotive, aerospace, machinery, and energy manufacturing. The automotive and aerospace industries use aluminum as input material, so aluminum processing requires high-speed cutting tools because aluminum is molten. If the cutting tools are not fast and hard enough, like HSS steel, it will easily make the cutter stick to the aluminum section.It can be seen that the need for tool steels in the manufacturing fields is showing signs of expansion because they help the production process become more efficient and faster, thereby promoting the growth of the consumption tool steel market.Forecast the tool steel market trends from 2023 - 2032According to the newly-updated reported data, the tool steel market size will be valued at USD 5.9 billion in 2022, and this number will increase rapidly to USD 6.29 billion by 2023. From 2023 to 2032, the tool steel market size will have a compound annual growth rate of 6.64%, with a milestone of 10.52 billion USD in 2032.Forecast the tool market size in from 2022 - 2032 with the CAGR is 6%Forecast consumption trend of tool steel in fieldsDuring the 2022 - 2032 period, the sector that is expected to account for the most growth consumption is the automobile and aerospace segment. Currently, the majority of aircraft parts are produced with the participation of tool steel products. Other potential consumption growth fields of the tool steel market include machinery manufacturing and energy. The demand for tool steel in these markets is expected to increase due to the trend of promoting industrial economic models in many countries.Applications in the oil & gas sector and renewable energy sections are appreciated highly in future consumption. The outstanding durability with high resistance will help the tool steel to perform well in production processes such as drilling, cutting, and milling in the oil and gas pipeline. Regarding the renewable energy industry, the demand for tool steel in wind and solar panels will be driven by the trend of using eco-friendly energy in the current context.Forecast consumption trend of tool steel in each regionThe North American market will become the most significant tool steel sales market in 2021 due to the US being a country that invests a lot in research and development fields. The evidence is clear that the aerospace sectors are increasingly expanding in the United States, in addition to the construction and the automobile manufacturing industry also significantly driving the demand for tool steel in this region.Thanks to the development of the automotive industry in Europe, this market is also considered a substantial consumption of tool steels. Specifically, a number of car-producing countries account for the majority, such as Germany, France, and the UK.The tool steel market in Asia is expected to replace the North American market, and it will become the most significant tool steel sales market globally from 2023 to 2032. Construction and manufacturing activities are expanding rapidly in typical countries such as China, India, and Japan, these markets are essential factors in driving the consumption of tool steel significantly. Although the Asia market's starting point is lower than the European and North American markets, after a long time, this is a market with a remarkable growth rate of tool steel consumption.Forecast regional overall of tool steel market development from 2022 - 2032Development opportunities for the tool steel market in VietnamAs one of the countries with the fastest GDP growth in the world in recent years, Vietnam has been promoting the industrial economy and increasing production well. Expressly, in the period from 2025 to 2030, the government has set out a strategy to develop Vietnam's automobile industry, which promises a further breakthrough development of the country's auto industry. The promotion of automobile production also shows that Vietnam will be an ideal place for the tool steel market as the automotive industry has always been the field with the most vital consumption of tool steel.In addition, Vietnam is also a country developing a renewable energy industry. This country promotes the use of wind turbines and solar panels to replace traditional fossil energy sources. Up to now, Vietnam has inaugurated 8 solar panel factories, marking a new potential opportunity for promoting tool steel consumption in this country.

In October 2021, the European Commission imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty of up to 24.6% on Chinese flat-rolled aluminum products. However, this decision was suspended for 9 months because of specific effects on lines 7060 and 7607 supply. After the review process, the EU lifted this suspension and continued to impose anti-dumping duties on China from July 12, 2022.1. EU: impose temporary anti-dumping duty on flat-rolled aluminum products imported from ChinaOn August 14, 2020, the European Commission received a European Aluminum complaint about the dumping of flat-rolled aluminum imported from China. The products under investigation include plates and roll with a thickness of 0.2 - 6mm as well as coils and strips with a thickness of 0.03-0.2mm, except for aluminum sheets used in the beverage packaging industry, car cover, or aerospace industry application.They are grouped under the HS codes 7606.11.10, 7606.11.91, 7606.11.93, 7606.11.99, 7606.12.20, 7606.12.92, 7606.12.93, 7606.12.99, 7606.91.00, 7606.9 and 7607.11.90.At the conclusion of the investigation, the European Commission implemented anti-dumping measures with duty rates ranging from 19.3 to 46.7% for flat-rolled aluminum products imported from China, effective from 13/04/2021.Specifically, shaped aluminum of Guangdong Haomei New Materials Co Ltd and Guangdong King Metal Light Alloy Technology Co Ltd will be subject to an anti-dumping duty of 21.2%, while that of Press Metal International Ltd is to a duty of 25%. Other companies that "cooperate" in the investigation are 22.1%, and materials from other companies are on duty at 32.1%.2. EU: imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on flat-rolled aluminum products imported from ChinaBy October 12, 2021, the EC had imposed definitive tariffs of up to 19.1-24.6% on flat-rolled aluminum products imported from China to limit dumping, causing damage to the industry of Europe. Flat-rolled aluminum products are one of the core products of EU steel with a market value of 700 million euros.However, on the same day, the Commission suspended the imposition of anti-dumping measures for a period of 9 months (according to the EU Basic Anti-Dumping Regulation, Article 14) to address market fluctuations that occurred after the investigation phase. The demand for aluminum products in the EU market is increasing, so the imposition of anti-dumping measures at this stage will cause supply disruptions and many other severe effects on trade cooperation with China in the future.3. EU: not to prolong the suspension of the definitive anti-dumping duties on imports of flat-rolled aluminum products from ChinaOn 9 March 2022, the European Commission sent a request to the European Aluminum Association and domestic producers to investigate whether the suspension should be extended or not. After considering market movements during the period of analysis (PoA), fluctuations in the aluminum industry that may occur in the near future, the views of importers, exporters, and the EC have decided not to extend the anti-dumping suspension of AFRPs originating in China.Thus, from July 12, 2022, China's flat-rolled aluminum products will be subject to the prescribed anti-dumping tax rate when imported into the EU.Antaike data show that China exported 380,000 tons of aluminum to the EU in 2021, down 17.6% compared to the same period last year. Under the EU's plan, Chinese exporters will be required to declare a carbon border tax from 2023 and be taxed on products that don't meet carbon emission regulations from 2026. These regulations will significantly affect the export of flat-rolled aluminum products from China to the European market. Besides, the challenges of supplying quality and cheap AFRPs to EU importers will increase in the coming time.

Grain-oriented flat-rolled products of silicon-electrical steel (GOES) are high-performance motors required in the EU manufacturing of transformers, generators, grids and wind energy. The EU's GOES market value stands at 鈧�410 million annually. In order to protect domestic producers from serious injury caused by dumping, the EC continues to extend GOES anti-dumping duties on exporters from China, Japan, South Korea, Russia and the United States of America from January 19, 2022.1. EU: Definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of grain-oriented flat-rolled products of silicon-electrical steel from China, Japan, South Korea, Russia and the United States of AmericaAccording to the General Director of the European Steel Association (EUROFER) said 鈥淭he EU energy security and climate objectives can only be met by maintain a viable European GOES industry鈥� so to avoid dependence on foreign supplies such as Asia, the United States, Russia,...the EU were forced to intervene on GOES's import price policy. After receiving the complaint of the European Steel Association (EUROFER) on June 30, 2014, the European Commission initiated an anti-dumping investigation against grain-oriented flat rolled products of silicon-electrical steel ( thickness over 0.16mm) imported from China, Japan, Korea, Russia and the United States. Products subject to investigation are grouped by CN code as follows: ex 7225 11 00 and ex 7226 11 00.On May 12, 2015, the EU decided to impose temporary anti-dumping duties on Grain-oriented flat rolled products of silicon-electrical steel imported from China, Korea, Russia and the United States for a period of 6 months, specifically:The duty rate imposed on GOES originating in China is 28.7% of the net free-at-Union-frontier priceThe duty rate imposed on GOES originating in Japan is 35.9% of the net free-at-Union-frontier price, except JFE Steel Corporation (Tokyo) is subject to a duty of 34,2%.The duty rate imposed on GOES originating in Korea is 22.8% of the net free-at-Union-frontier priceThe duty rate imposed on GOES originating in Russia is 21.6% of the net free-at-Union-frontier priceThe duty rate imposed on GOES originating in the United States is 22.0% of the net free-at-Union-frontier priceOn October 29, 2015, the EU decided to impose definitive anti-dumping duties on grain-oriented flat-rolled products of silicon-electrical steel imported from China, Japan, Russia and the United States (Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 2015/1953). The duty rate is calculated based on the European authorities' fixation on the difference between the net free-at-Union-frontier price and the minimum import price. The official notification took effect on October 31, 2015, after the publication of the resolution in the Official Journal of the European Union. The definitive dumping margins express as a percentage of the CIF Union frontier price, duty unpaid, are:CountryCompanyDefinitive dumping marginChinaBaoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai21,5 %Wuhan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Wuhan54,9 %All other companies54,9 %JapanJFE Steel Corporation, Tokyo47,1 %Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation, Tokyo52,2 %All other companies52,2 %Republic of KoreaPOSCO, Seoul22,5 %All other companies22,5 %Russian FederationOJSC Novolipetsk Steel, Lipetsk; VIZ Steel, Ekaterinburg29,0 %All other companies29,0 %USAAK Steel Corporation, Ohio60,1 %All other companies60,1 %2. EU: Extension of anti-dumping duty on duties on grain-oriented flat rolled products of silicon-electrical steel from 5 countriesThe investigation by the European Commission said that if the current anti-dumping measures were to end, the situation of GOES imports from Asian countries, Russia, and the United States would increase, which would be harmful to GOES production of Europe.Therefore, the Commission will continue to implement this measure in the form of minimum import prices. Under WTO rules, the minimum import price is considered a non-tariff trade barrier and is not accepted. However, they are still used as an anti-dumping measure. When the import price is lower than the minimum import price from 21.5 to 39%, the EU will apply anti-dumping duty. Therefore, it remains an acceptable regulation for grain-oriented flat rolled products of silicon-electrical steel to Europe. Although there are still many controversies and objections from Japan and China about this duty, the overall assessment shows that these measures will create a level playing field for domestic GOES producers and exporting countries with high quality GOES into EU.Above are the latest updates of AG真人游戏 Steel on the issue of 鈥淐ommission extends anti-dumping duties on grain-oriented flat rolled products of silicon-electrical steel鈥�. GOES is a strategic, high-end product that plays an important role in the European life and energy sectors. Therefore, the EC always issues policies to protect imported goods in a timely manner to avoid dependence on foreign supplies. This will ensure price stability and the domestic market, but it will also make it difficult for importers to access cheap, high-quality electrical steel sources. 

Roll forming is a metal forming process in the chain of steel production steps. A rolling system is understood as a complex operating process with the participation of a series of rollers to move continuously. Accordingly, the steel plate will be placed on the forming line, and the steel will be gradually shaped after a series of bending operations on the roller.Some standard outputs from the roll forming processThe roll forming line can bend steel, shape steel into tubes, shape steel to specific former, and punch steel holes. After creating the shape, the steel will be cleaned again, at which point the manufacturer can cut and divide them to the desired length.Roll forming into steel pipeThe initial position of the roller will slightly change the shape of the steel, as the steel is brought to the end of the roller, it will become more and more deformed. In the example illustrating the process of transforming a steel plate to a tubular shape, the distance between the two rollers will initially be similar to the width of the steel, but at the end of the line, the distance between the two rollers will be shortened.However, the operator needs to be careful about the number of rollers because the number of rollers will affect the bending of the steel, so they need to add more space to increase the length of the production line. Another detail that needs attention is the speed of the chain, when the chain bends the steel too quickly, it will accidentally damage the steel because of exceeding the tensile limit in a short period of time.Roll forming steel into a specific shapeOn the forming line, there will be rollers distributed both on the top and bottom of the line, each roller will have a specific shape that the manufacturer has set up in advance, and when the product passes through the roller will have to get a particular force that is large enough to change the original shape, but not to damage the steel.So when the steel plate is forced through the roller at each winding station, the surface and shape of the steel will slowly deform until the end of the forming line. In addition, to reduce the friction between the steel plate and the roller, the operator will apply a layer of oil on both the upper and lower rollers to limit the abrasion and support the line speed to be more smooth and faster.Process of punching, embossing steelIn addition to deforming the steel's shape, it also forms the steel by punching holes and printing patterns on the steel. Depending on the distribution of the roller, the operator can manually adjust the position accordingly.The advantages of the roll forming process to the manufacturerCurrently, the roll forming process is widely applied in many different industries as well as popularly used in product manufacture because it brings many benefits that can be mentioned such as:Cost saving: roll forming clearly shows its diversity when it can be applied to any form of metal, not only steel. When running the process, a series of rollers will operate continuously, allowing operators to mass-produce similar products on a large scale.Environmental protection: roll forming is considered an environmentally friendly process when the input steel has been finished before, thereby, the process will become simple and effortless because the operators don't need to dispose of waste like other methods.Flexibility: this method allows the operator to change and control the shape of the steel with a certain deformation by simply adding or subtracting the number of rollers.Creating consensus over the small margin of error: the essence of the roll forming process is to use a consistent force throughout from the beginning to the end. The process output thus reaches perfect curvature with a minimal error margin.  

The trade tensions continued to be a hot topic when Turkey recently imposed an anti-dumping duty on HRC products from the EU and Korea. This decision is seen as retaliation from Turkey based on the fact that their country's HRC source was previously taxed by Europe.The overview of imposing anti-dumping HRCSince January 2021, the Turkish has started an anti-dumping investigation on hot rolled coils imported from the EU and Korea. The investigation was initiated by requirements from the Turkish Steel Association on behalf of domestic steel producers.Hot rolled coil products in the investigation list have codes including 7208.10.00, 7208.25.00, 7208.26.00, 7208.27.00, 7208.36.00, 7208.37.00, 7208.38.00, 7208.39 .00, 7208.40.00, 7208.52.908, 7208.52.908, 7208.52.10, 7208.53.10, 7208.53.90, 7208.54.00, 7211.13.00, 7211.14.00, 7211.19.00, 7212.60.00, 7225.19.10, 7225.30.10, 7225.30.30, 7225.90. .90, 7226.91.20, 7226.91.91 and 7226.91.99In March 2022, the government announced the results of the investigation after a long time for reviewing. Accordingly, HRC importers from the EU and Korea were found to be selling HRC products at a lower price than the floor price in domestic. The Turkish Ministry of Commerce has calculated that the dumping margin of Korean importers ranges from 14 to 18.6%, especially for European HRC steel importers who have been accused of dumping with a margin of high in the range of 23-49%.On July 7, 2022, in the face of arguments about unfair competition, the Turkish Ministry of Commerce decided to impose an anti-dumping duty on importers from the EU and Korea. The tax rate will be calculated in the range of 7-18.8% for HRC products from Europe and 7-8.95% for HRC products originating from Korea.What is the cause of escalating tension? "What we have been doing is a proper answer for the EU after everything they have done to Turkey in the past four years," the Turkish Steel Association vice president declared.In addition, he also said that the imposition of the tax would be an essential step to prevent unfair trade between domestic and foreign manufacturers.Turkey is one of the largest export markets for the EU, and they often look to this country as a solution to eliminating the inventory situation when the demand for steel in the European region is significantly reduced. EU producers have been accused of regularly selling large shipments of steel to Turkish users at lower prices than the prices in Europe, specifically a large factory in France sold steel in Turkey for about 鈧�750/ton, while the domestic price is much more expensive with a specific price above 鈧�900/tons.Although the imposition of an anti-dumping tax has the participation of the EU and South Korea, this is actually seen as a response from the Turkish manufacturers to the EU since the case of anti-dumping duties on HRC products from Turkey in January 2021.Vietnam's Perspective Before Recent Anti-Dumping LawsuitsAs of 2023, Turkey will always be a potential steel export market for Vietnamese suppliers. The trading relationships become significant in the context of steel demand in Turkey increasing sharply to serve the reconstruction of construction structures after the earthquake in January.Although Turkey has previously initiated an anti-dumping investigation on stainless steel pipes from Vietnam, the Turkish Ministry of Industry and Trade has not yet made a final decision on this matter. It can be seen that commercial cooperation between the two countries has always maintained a stable status based on bilateral interests.Particularly for HRC products, Vietnam is considered one of the most potent steel manufacturers with annual output of HRC steel reaching more than 8.6 million tons. Thanks to strong production capacity and technological advances, Vietnam has been able to supply and export HRC worldwide. In just 6 months of 2021, Vietnam's HRC export volume has reached 700,000 tons. 

On October 7, 2020, the EU officially imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on hot-rolled stainless steel coils and sheets (SSHR) imported from Indonesia, China, and Taiwan. This move is to protect the interests of manufacturers in the European Union such as Belgium, Italy, and Finland against dumping by foreign enterprises. This decision contributed to the protection of nearly 200,000 domestic steel industry jobs and increased the EU's total number of trade remedies measures to 56.1. EU imposes temporary anti-dumping duty on steel imported from Indonesia, China, Taiwan1.1. Steel groups are imposed anti-dumping dutyOn June 28, 2019, the European Steel Association (Eurofer) accused manufacturers of hot rolled stainless steel coils and sheets (SSHR) from Indonesia, China, and Taiwan of dumping, affecting domestic manufacturers and market steel prices. The European Commission accepted the complaint and initiated an anti-dumping investigation on the products subject classified under the HS codes of HS 7219.11, 7219.12, 7219.13, 7219.14, 7219.22, 7219.23, 7219.24, 7220.11 and 7220.12.The general director of EUROFER said that the steel industry of Indonesia, China, and Taiwan have too much capacity, so they export cheap SSHR to European Union nations. Their dumping has caused a lot of damage to the European steel industry, so remedial measures are necessary.1.2. The temporary anti-dumping duty rate for Indonesia, China, and TaiwanOn January 25, 2020, the EC requested import registration for goods from Indonesia, China, and Taiwan for a period of 9 months. Regulations imposing import registration requirements officially took effect on January 24, 2020.On April 8, 2020, the European Commission issued Regulation (EU) 2020/508, imposing temporary anti-dumping duties on goods imported from Indonesia, China, and Taiwan, specifically:The duty rates for imports from China range from 14.5 to 18.9% of the net free-at Union-frontier price before duty depending on the company.The duty rate for imports from Chinese Taipei ranges from 6 to 7.5% of the net free-at Union-frontier price before duty depending on the company.The duty rate for imports from Indonesia is 17% of the net free-at Union-frontier price before duty depending on the company. 2. EU imposed definitive anti-dumping duty on Indonesia, China, TaiwanOn October 7, 2020, the European Commission imposed definitive anti-dumping duty on SSHR from Indonesia, China, and Taiwan. Specifically:The duty rate for imports from Indonesia is 17.3% of the net free-at Union-frontier price before duty depending on the company.The duty rate for imports from Taiwan is 4.1% or 7.5% of the net free-at Union-frontier price before duty depending on the company.The duty rate on imports from China is 9.2 - 19% of the net free-at Union-frontier price before duty depending on the company.One of China and Indonesia's most important industrial exports is stainless steel sheet and cold-rolled coil. Although there is no accurate report on the damage from the new anti-dumping duty from the EU,  it will have a direct impact on the two countries' export and production activities. Faced with the risk of oversupply and great economic damage, the countries involved have made recommendations and objections to the EU's decision to impose anti-dumping duties.Accordingly, the European Commission issued the Commission's Implementation Regulation (EU) 2020/1713 on November 17, 2020, amending the definitive anti-dumping duty rate on SSHR imported from China, Taiwan, and Indonesia in the case of a specific safeguard duty is also applied to the same good. If the official safeguard duty rate is 25% out-of-quota, importers are exempt from anti-dumping duties. 

Trade remedies take place as an apparent trend in the integration process of the global economy. Therefore, it is not surprising that anti-dumping cases are escalating gradually and most recently, the EU imposed anti-dumping duties on Turkish steel products.Overall the evolution of the EU imposed anti-dumping duty on Turkish steelOn August 12, 2022, the European Commission announced the decision to impose anti-dumping duties on galvanized steel products from Turkey. According to information from the commission, an investigation into trade remedies evidence has been started from January 2020 until December 2020 after the request from the European Steel Association (EUROFER). The products under investigation include hot-dip galvanized steel and galvalume steel in both coil and flat forms.After many preliminary investigations, the European Union decided to impose anti-dumping duties ranging from 8% to 11% on galvanized steel products imported from Turkey. The tax rate will be applied depending on the different manufacturing plants for 5 years.Analyze some causes of the lawsuit from the EUExplaining the reason for the incident, the European said that the import price of galvanized steel from Turkey has decreased significantly and it has a significant difference when compared to the price of the steel manufacturers in the EU from 2018. By the end of 2020, the price of Turkish steel will have decreased by half compared to the price of steel from Europe. This evidence is enough for the European Union to conclude that Turkish steel products have been dumped at 2.4 - 39.8%.For a long time, the EU market has always been an important export market for Turkey. By 2021, Turkey's total export of galvanized steel has reached 1.6 million tons, equivalent to a value of 2 billion USD. Along with that, Europe's steel consumption volume reached a stable level from 2017 to 2019 but then decreased by 10% in 2020, the cause partly due to pressure from steel imported from Turkey.The EU's decision to apply an anti-dumping policy is seen as a negative effect on Turkish exporters, but it helps European factories reduce price pressure among a series of international exporters. As a result, EU producers can implement a strategy to stabilize prices as well as reduce rivalry from competitors.Some reactions from Turkey importers face to anti-dumping dutyBefore the results of the anti-dumping duties, the Turkish Steel Exporters Association had fierce controversies. Accordingly, the Turkey side declared that the price of galvanized steel was directly affected by the previous price fluctuation of HRC. However, the EU side rejected this claim.In addition, the European Union also rejected some opinions that the cause of their steel output decline was mainly due to weak demand. Some experts believe that European manufacturers have invested in inappropriate strategies during and after the Covid pandemic has caused operating capacity to exceed consumption, leading to substantial losses which adversely affect profits.鈥淥ur export situation will be aggravated by these decisions, there is a high rate of possibility that we will lose in the competitive position compared to India, Korea, and Vietnam,鈥� said the Export Association. Turkish Steel (CIB) commented. Vietnam's perspective on Turkey's anti-dumping dutyWhen faced with the anti-dumping tax case from Turkey, Vietnam expressed severe concern about the anti-dumping issue as a steel exporter. Vietnam and Turkey both have similarities in the export market while the EU market has always been one of the four largest markets for Vietnam's galvanized steel industry.Currently, Vietnam is considered one of the countries with rapid growth in export turnover when many of Vietnam's export products, including galvanized steel, certainly create competitive pressure on domestic markets. This development causes many countries to pay attention including the European Union. Therefore, the galvanized steel industry is predicted to be no exception to this inevitable trend with a high probability of imposed trade remedies tax policies in the future.Although Vietnam's galvanized steel has not yet been subject to trade remedy lawsuits when exporting to the European market, it will be limited in quantity instead. Specifically, on 1st July 2022, Vietnam's galvanized steel exports will be managed under a quota of 1.8 million tons. If the export volume in the year exceeds the quota, the import tax will have to pay an additional 25%.In the worries about anticipating trade remedies from Europe in the future, the European market has always been a potential export land for Vietnamese steel manufacturers. Because it has only 3 of a total of 23 products subject to quotas including cold rolled steel, galvanized steel, and stainless steel. The remaining 20 types of steel products temporarily do not apply to quotas and are not subject to additional tax rates. 

Russian galvanized steel has created tremendous competitive pressure in the European market. This forces the EU to apply trade remedies to ensure the development of the European Union bloc.Russia is hit with anti-dumping duties by the EURussia is the world's 3rd largest steel exporter, with annual steel exports reaching 28 million tons. In the Europe market, Russia is currently the second-largest supplier of steel to Europe after Turkey. The excessive export of galvanized steel to Europe is said to be the act of destroying competitors and expanding the market, which is an act of unfair competition and should be prevented. There have been lawsuits alleging that galvanized steel products are dumped from Russia on the European market, affecting the region's steel market economy.The European Steel Industry Association (Eurofer) initiated the investigation after receiving a report from Commodity Insights. According to the lawsuit, Europe's average galvanized steel production remained stable from 2017 to 2019, but prices remained higher than those imported from Russia. However, in the period from 2019 to 2020, EU steel production decreased by 10%, mainly due to the impact of cheap Russian steel flooding the European market. This makes the EU steel market volatile, and domestic steel enterprises suffer a decline in output and revenue.From January to December 2020, the EC opened an investigation into the imports of galvanized steel products from Russia into EU countries to determine whether these products are being dumped and whether such imports cause harm or damage to EU domestic steel producers. The products investigated fall under HS codes 7210410020, 7210410030, 7210490020, 7210490030, 7210610020, 7210610030, 7210690020, 7210690030, 7210908092, 7212300020, 7212300030, 7212506120, 7212506130, 7212506920, 7212506930, 7212509014, 7212509092, 7225920020, 7225920030, 7225990022, 7225990023, 7225990041, 7225990092, 7225990093, 7226993010, 7226993030, 7226997013, 7226997093 v脿 7226997094.The EC determined that Russian galvanized steel products had a dumping margin of between 2.4% and 39.8%. The fact that galvanized steel products are imported from Russia and dumped in the EU market makes domestic manufacturers unable to sell their products, putting pressure on the national economy.Accordingly, on August 12, 2022, the EU imposed an anti-dumping order on galvanized steel products from Russia after concluding this investigation. The EU imposed anti-dumping orders on galvanized steel products originating from Russia after the conclusion of this investigation. Russian steel mills will be subject to specific duties, as follows: Anti-dumping duties on steel from Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Plant amounted to 36.6%, Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant to 10.3%, Severstal to 31.3%, and other Russian enterprises to 37.4%.Vietnam - An alternative to RussiaMost EU countries import steel from Russia, EU anti-dumping duties on Russian galvanized steel disrupted the EU steel market, affecting supply in other industries. The EU and Vietnam share the same EVFTA trade agreement, which is an opportunity for EU countries when importing steel from Vietnam. The joint trade agreement helps EU countries avoid being subject to import duties when importing galvanized steel originating from Vietnam. This helps countries in the EU import quality steel at a more reasonable cost than importing steel from other countries.As one of the significant steel exporters in the world today, the prolonged conflict between Russia and Ukraine directly affects global raw material resources, including the steel industry. The shortage of steel supply from Russia will cause steel prices in Europe to rise, especially as many steelmakers in Europe have had to reduce capacity because of soaring energy costs. This is also a condition for Vietnamese steel enterprises such as Hoa Sen Group, Hoa Phat Group, Nam Kim Steel... boost the export of galvanized steel to this potential market, replacing the gap left by Russia.